Materials for transformer insulation accessories must meet extremely high standards, with selection based primarily on core properties such as insulation capability, temperature resistance, and moisture resistance to ensure operational safety. Common insulation components-such as bushings, insulating supports, partitions, and spacers-are typically manufactured from epoxy-glass fiber composites, high-strength pressboard, or epoxy resin composites. These materials offer high dielectric strength and stable voltage resistance, resisting electrical breakdown while exhibiting excellent high-temperature tolerance and aging resistance. Certain high-end components utilize materials like polyimide or polyester film; these feature uniform, dense textures and extremely low water absorption, allowing them to withstand the high-temperature, oil-immersed environment inside the transformer over the long term. By effectively isolating conductive paths and preventing faults such as leakage, tracking, and short circuits, these materials are crucial for maintaining the transformer's electrical insulation performance.
Materials for sealing and oil-storage components prioritize oil resistance, high-temperature tolerance, aging resistance, and high elasticity to meet the demands of long-term equipment operation. Gaskets, oil seals, and sealing rings generally utilize nitrile rubber or fluororubber. Nitrile rubber offers excellent cost-effectiveness and oil resistance, making it suitable for standard operating conditions, whereas fluororubber-with superior high-temperature, corrosion, and aging resistance-is typically employed in harsh environments involving outdoor use or heavy loads. Oil-storage components, such as conservator tanks and oil-level gauge covers, are usually made from high-quality cold-rolled steel or stainless steel. These materials provide high structural strength and resistance to deformation; treated with anti-corrosion and anti-rust coatings, they effectively withstand environmental degradation. Breathers are filled with high-quality color-changing silica gel, which offers strong adsorption capabilities to efficiently remove atmospheric moisture, thereby keeping the transformer's internal oil dry and clean.
Metal structural, heat-dissipation, and protective components are primarily made from high-strength, thermally conductive, and corrosion-resistant metals, balancing structural stability with functional requirements. Heat-dissipation components, such as radiators and cooling tubes, often utilize high-quality thin steel sheets or aluminum alloys. These materials offer high thermal conductivity and efficient heat dissipation; they are lightweight yet structurally robust, enabling the rapid transfer and dissipation of heat generated within the equipment. Structural components such as equipment brackets, fasteners, and flanges are generally made of carbon steel or stainless steel; these materials offer high tensile strength and excellent seismic resistance, resisting deformation or fracture, and are well-suited for operating environments involving prolonged vibration and exposure to the elements. Core components of protective devices-including thermostats, pressure relief valves, and relays-are crafted from precision alloys and copper materials; characterized by high precision, stability, and strong oxidation resistance, they enable accurate, long-term monitoring of operating parameters while ensuring the protective devices operate reliably and respond sensitively.
